Welcome to Week 2 of the Chimp Olympics! If you missed any of the Week 1 events (or just want to re-live the glory), check them out here!
Day 10:
Original videos at ACP0003lno ACP0003lc2 ACP0007gbi ACP000g4ds ACP0005wco ACP0005w6i
Thanks to moderator ksigler for putting together today's video!
Day 10:
Today's event is balancing! It may seem like having four limbs on the ground would mean that balancing is easy, but when crossing narrow log bridges, or moving on unstable lianas, it can be a real challenge. Watch these chimps balance gracefully (and sometimes not so gracefully) as they navigate some tricky spots.
Original videos at ACP0003lno ACP0003lc2 ACP0007gbi ACP000g4ds ACP0005wco ACP0005w6i
Thanks to moderator ksigler for putting together today's video!
Day 11:
Today's event is arm hanging! Suspensory (i.e. hanging) behavior makes up only a small portion of all chimpanzee locomotion: in one study suspensory locomotion accounted for less than 3% of all adult locomotion. It's more common in young chimps, and in fact there is one particular suspensory behavior only recorded for infants: arm-hang-twirling. It's a form of play where they hang by one arm and spin their body back and forth.
Original videos at ACP0003t0p ACP0003t0r ACP000b4g2 ACP000b4g3 ACP0006t4h ACP0005wcm ACP00050a3 ACP00050a4 ACP0005wkb ACP0005wkc ACP00080v3
Sources:
Doran, Diane M. "The ontogeny of chimpanzee and pygmy chimpanzee locomotor behavior: a case study of paedomorphism and its behavioral correlates." Journal of Human Evolution 23.2 (1992): 139-157.
Day 12:
Today's event is charging! Like branchshaking, charging is a display done as a social signal. Superficially it resembles galloping in that it's a running motion, but the chimp is almost always piloerect (hair puffed up), and the arms and legs are held relatively stiffly. Charges are also often directed, either straight at or passing close by another individual, and accompanied by vocalizations. Charging is most often performed by adult males.
Nishida, Toshisada, et al. "Ethogram and ethnography of Mahale chimpanzees." Anthropological Science 107.2 (1999): 141-188.
Day 13:
Today's event is termite fishing! Sometimes chimpanzees eat termites just by grabbing them with their hands, but they're also known to fashion tools for the job. It requires a certain amount of skill and dexterity to select the right plant, modify it to the right length, perhaps fray the end a bit for more surface area for the termites to cling to, and place it correctly for gathering termites. At some locations, chimps have been documented to use two different tools in sequence, first a sturdier one to open a mound, and then a more flexible one to collect the insects.
Original videos at ACP0006v7f ACP00078z2 ACP0006tdz ACP000086r
Thanks to moderator ksigler for putting together today's video!
Sources:
Sanz, Crickette M., and David B. Morgan. "Chimpanzee tool technology in the Goualougo Triangle, Republic of Congo." Journal of Human Evolution52.4 (2007): 420-433.
Nishida, Toshisada, et al. "Ethogram and ethnography of Mahale chimpanzees." Anthropological Science 107.2 (1999): 141-188.
Day 14:
Today's event is object carrying! Chimps carry different objects for different reasons: they may carry food to eat somewhere else, juveniles especially may carry items to play with, and most importantly, they carry tools. Some tools that are rare or hard to acquire, like hammers for nut-cracking and particular termite-fishing tools, may be transported tens or even hundreds of meters to the site where they are used. When carrying hammers, they also often carry the nuts they intend to open. Chimps may carry items in their mouth, by using their hands or feet and modifying their gait as necessary, by placing them on their back or head, or even in their "pocket" -- a spot between their flexed thigh and lower abdomen.
Original videos at ACP00073j6 ACP0002ra1 ACP0002ra2 ACP000484o ACP000484p ACP000086l ACP000086p ACP0003dqg ACP00026fi ACP0007zr7 ACP0007f41 ACP0003dq5 ACP0002wbs
Sources:
Boesch, Christophe, and Hedwige Boesch. "Optimisation of nut-cracking with natural hammers by wild chimpanzees." Behaviour (1982): 265-286.
Sanz, Crickette M., and David B. Morgan. "Chimpanzee tool technology in the Goualougo Triangle, Republic of Congo." Journal of Human Evolution52.4 (2007): 420-433.
van Lawick-Goodall, Jane. "The behaviour of free-living chimpanzees in the Gombe Stream Reserve." Animal behaviour monographs 1 (1968): 161IN1-311IN12.
Day 15:
Today's event is drumming! Chimpanzees make use of the large buttresses of trees to produce a low frequency noise that can be heard at least 1 km away. Drumming is sometimes part of a charging display, with the chimp charging toward a buttress, and then hitting, slapping, or kicking it, often while vocalizing. Drumming is mainly performed by adult males.
Original videos at ACP0005a7n ACP000bjuy ACP000564a ACP000bjxk ACP000bjxl
Sources:
Arcadi, Adam Clark, Daniel Robert, and Christophe Boesch. "Buttress drumming by wild chimpanzees: Temporal patterning, phrase integration into loud calls, and preliminary evidence for individual distinctiveness." Primates39.4 (1998): 505-518.
Arcadi, Adam Clark, Daniel Robert, and Francis Mugurusi. "A comparison of buttress drumming by male chimpanzees from two populations." Primates45.2 (2004): 135-139.
Day 16:
Today's event is wrestling! Just like human kids, young chimpanzees often enjoy rough-and-tumble play, including wrestling with mom, siblings, unrelated juveniles, and even adult males. Adults of both sexes may also grapple during fights, though they usually prefer to work it out without coming to blows, by using displays, vocalizations, and other social signals.
Original videos at ACP000fxpn ACP0007h55 ACP0007h58 ACP00072fj
Thanks to moderator ksigler for putting together today's video!
Sources:
van Lawick-Goodall, Jane. "The behaviour of free-living chimpanzees in the Gombe Stream Reserve." Animal behaviour monographs 1 (1968): 161IN1-311IN12.
Final day:
Welcome to the final day of the Chimp&See Chimp Olympics! We're glad you made it this far, and we think you and the chimps deserve a rest. Although chimpanzees can spend up to 60% of the day resting, it's not very common for us to see it on video -- immobile animals aren't very likely to trigger camera traps. Here are a few relaxing videos to end this series!
Thanks to moderator ksigler for putting together today's video!
And finally, a big thank you to all our C&S volunteers and mods, but especially to AnLand Boleyn Corcaroli Dana23 Eswiniarski Henrik87 hoothoot luca-chimp MingMing Snorticus tina_pixie_ Tschango and yshish, whose tags were particularly helpful in finding the videos for the Chimp Olympics!
And finally, a big thank you to all our C&S volunteers and mods, but especially to AnLand Boleyn Corcaroli Dana23 Eswiniarski Henrik87 hoothoot luca-chimp MingMing Snorticus tina_pixie_ Tschango and yshish, whose tags were particularly helpful in finding the videos for the Chimp Olympics!
Sources:
Doran, Diane. "Influence of seasonality on activity patterns, feeding behavior, ranging, and grouping patterns in Tai chimpanzees." International Journal of Primatology 18.2 (1997): 183-206.
Doran, Diane. "Influence of seasonality on activity patterns, feeding behavior, ranging, and grouping patterns in Tai chimpanzees." International Journal of Primatology 18.2 (1997): 183-206.
Kosheleff, Valerie P., and Christian NK Anderson. "Temperature's influence on the activity budget, terrestriality, and sun exposure of chimpanzees in the Budongo Forest, Uganda." American journal of physical anthropology 139.2 (2009): 172-181.
No comments:
Post a Comment